Electric-lighting apparatus.



, PATENTED JUNE 21, 1904.

w. KNOBLOGH. ELECTRIC LIGHTING APPARATUS.

APYLIOATIOK FILED OGT. 1, 1903. v

N0 MODEL.

1: warns PETERS co. Puma-urns wAsmNsmuv u. c

No. 783,002. I

UNITED ST TES- Patented June 21, 1904.

ZPA-TENT OFFICE.

l WILLIAM KNoBLooH, or NEW YORK, N; Y., ssrenon TO JOHN KNoBLooH, OF EW YORK, N. Y.

ELECTRIC-LIGHTING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 763,002, dated June 21, 1904.

Application filed October 1, 1903.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM KNOBLOOII, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of New York, in the borough of Manhattan and State of New York, haveinve'nted cer-' tain new and useful Improvements in Electric- Lighting Apparatus, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to incandescent lamps of that type in which the incandescing element is a filament or pencil made of a compound of the rareearths which is a non-conductor of electricity when cold,'but upon being heated rapidly becomes a comparatively good conductor.

My invention has to do with the construction of the support for the incandes'cing elementor glower, to the end that one or more glowers can be readily mounted and dismounted and a lamp provided in which a multiplicity of glowers can be used in various relative positions, so that a lamp of extraordinary high candle-power can be produced bya very simple and cheap construction. Another feature of my lamp is a base or support for the glower or glowers having the heating de joined together to produce an elongated base or support for glowers in order to obtain a row or rows of lights for ornamental or distribution purposes.

Further details of my invention will appear in the description which follows, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, in which I Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved lamp. Fig. 2 is asectional view of the glower and heater support, the circuits being con- Serial No. 176,313. (No model.)

ventionally arranged; and Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a tablet or section for the multiplieity of glowers.

The essential feature of my invention is a base or support for the heater and glowers, which for a single. lamp I prefer to make in the form of a cup, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and indicated by a. The walls of this cup are made in two layers a and (4 The inner layer, a, is much thicker than the outer layer, a and constitutes the main support. It is made of a suitable composition, such as porcelain or terra cotta, which is both a non-conductor of electricity and of heat. This cup will be made, preferably, by a molding process, and simultaneous with its formation certain metallic parts will be inserted and molded in. These metallic parts consist, first, of sets of eyelets or sockets 5, arranged in pairs, each of which is adapted to receive and support a glower. I have shown the cup with a concaved bottom (6 in which there may be one or more pairs of the glower-sockets, and around the side walls of the cup I arrange any number of pairs of the sockets to accommodate the desired number of glowers, which will preferably be arranged vertically, as

shown in Fig. 1, wherein the glowers are indicated by 9. Other metallic parts are the iron or platinum heater-wires, (indicated by 0.) These are molded or pressed into the outer surface of the cup and are arranged in zigzag or mesh-like fashion to fully cover those portions of the surface against or opposite which the glowers are to be located. These heating-wires are shown in dotted lines in Figs. 1 and 3 and in full lines in Fig. 2. Having thus formed the cup,I finish it by dipping or coating in any suitable manner to apply the outer layer (L which is a specific compound, being a non-conductor of electricity and capable of conducting heat. This compound canbe given any desired color, but will preferably be made white in order to form. a reflecting-surface for the light. A

serviceable composition for this layer can be made of lava, silicate of sodium, and terra alba. An important function of this layer is to retain the heating-wires 0 in place and distribute the heat therefrom. The glowers g are of a material forming a conductor of the second class. They are in pencil or filament form with metallic end pieces g, which are bent at right angles and of such size and shape as to fit friction tight in the eyelets or sockets Z). The glowers are set in place by simply inserting their ends 7 in a pair of the sockets in the manner shown in Fig. 2, from which it will be seen they can be readily removed and replaced at will. The sockets for the glowers are indicated by the wires 1 and 2, which may connect them in parallel, as shown, or in series, the wires leading from one eyelet to the other and, if preferred, being embedded in the material of the cup.-

It will be readily understood that the base or support a, which I have described, may be made in various other shapes. For instance, Fig. 3 shows a tablet, slab, or section of the composite material in which the sockets for the glowers are arranged in rows as close together as required and the heater-wires embedded in the surface immediately back of the location of the glowers. Such a slab or section made in the form shown can be used for the footlights of a stage, a number of sections being placed end to end until the proper length is obtained. shape the sections can be arranged in lines to give decorative effects or to distribute the light, as may be required. here the glowers are arranged in lines in this manner, one automatic cut-out can be made to serve for the heaters of all of the glowers, or they can be arranged in groups and a cut-out adapted for each group. i

I expect to use iron wires for the heater, which, as above stated, will be located only slightly beneath the surface of the supporting-base and in close proximity to the glower.

In a somewhat different.

The automatic cut-out and the ballast when used may in the individual lamp be contained within the cup-shaped base, where they will be protected from heat, or they may be located in the casing A, as in the lamps which have heretofore appeared in use.

Having described my invention, I claim- 1. An'apparatus for electric-"lighting purposes consisting of a base or support of nonconducting material having metallic sockets therein adapted to receive glower-terminals and an electric heater embedded in the same.

2. In an electric-lighting apparatus a base or support of non-conducting material having embedded therein an electric heater and provided with metallic sockets or seats and a plurality ofglowers provided forterminals adapt ed to engage said sockets and when so engaged to be within heating range of said electric heater.

3. In an apparatus for electric lighting, a suitable support or base of non-conducting material having an electric heater embedded 

